Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, for example on the ovaries, intestines, or in the pelvic area. This tissue reacts to the menstrual cycle in the same way as the uterine lining, causing inflammation, pain, and potentially adhesions.
It is a chronic condition that can significantly impact quality of life. Symptoms vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe. It is estimated that around 10–15% of women of reproductive age are affected.
NHS UK: What is endometriosis?
Symptoms of Endometriosis
The symptoms of endometriosis can be surprisingly diverse and difficult to recognize. Here are some of the most common and less common symptoms:
- Lower back pain radiating to the pelvis or legs
- Digestive issues (diarrhea, constipation, pain during bowel movements)
- Pain during urination without infection
- Bloating (“endo belly”) – the abdomen can swell rapidly
- Pressure in the lower abdomen and frequent urge to urinate
- Pain during movement or certain positions
- Pain during ovulation (not only during menstruation)
- Prolonged periods (over 5–7 days)
- Irregular bleeding or unusually heavy flow
- Pain between periods
- Infertility or difficulty getting pregnant
- Pelvic pain outside of menstruation
- Pain during and after intercourse
- Pain that does not respond to standard painkillers
- Fatigue that does not improve with rest
My Experience
My symptoms have been quite clear in hindsight. I’ve experienced prolonged and heavy periods since my teenage years. The pain has been debilitating, often leaving me bedridden for several days each month.
Despite this, getting a diagnosis was difficult. These kinds of periods are often considered “normal,” even though they are not. No one should have to live with constant pain.
After my diagnosis, I began to recognize additional symptoms:
Severe bloating and overall swelling in the body, a heavy feeling, and the sensation that my stomach never fully empties. There is pressure in the internal organs and a frequent need to urinate. A constant discomfort in my own body, sometimes even weight gain. These symptoms do not improve even with a low-fluid diet.
The bloating can be painful, and supporting the abdomen with clothing or a pillow can bring some relief.
I have also experienced extreme fatigue, brain fog, and a constant need for naps – even without significant activity. This may also be linked to low iron levels, which are common in endometriosis due to heavy bleeding.
There can be a constant dull ache in the body or sudden sharp pains – like being stabbed in the abdomen. Endometriomas (blood-filled cysts) can cause pain by twisting, rupturing, or forming adhesions with surrounding organs. Sudden sharp pain without a clear cause and vibration-like pain in the abdominal area are also familiar sensations.
Why Are the Symptoms So Complex?
Endometriosis causes chronic low-grade inflammation in the body. This inflammation affects the nervous system, hormonal balance, and even metabolism, which is why symptoms are not limited to menstruation alone.
Adhesions can pull organs out of their normal position, causing pain during movement or daily activities. In addition, inflammation can sensitize the nervous system, making the body react more strongly to stimuli.
This is why symptoms can feel confusing and difficult to connect to a single condition – and why diagnosis is often delayed.
What Helps?
Lifestyle
These are not medical recommendations but are based on my personal experience.
Avoiding alcohol
Alcohol increases inflammation, slows recovery, and can worsen symptoms. A body that is already under stress does not benefit from additional strain.
Diet
A clean, balanced, home-cooked diet works best. Processed foods, high sugar intake, and excessive meat consumption may increase inflammation. I don’t eliminate anything completely, but balance and quality are key.
Exercise
Light exercise (such as treadmill running) has sometimes helped relieve menstrual pain, as the body starts releasing endorphins after about 10 minutes (“runner’s high”). Good overall fitness supports recovery, but avoid overly intense training when symptoms are severe.
Supplements That May Help
There is some research supporting these, but the effects are individual. Supplements do not cure endometriosis but may help manage symptoms. I order mine from iHerb (ad links).
- Omega-3 fatty acids
→ May reduce inflammation and help relieve pain - Magnesium
→ Helps with muscle tension, cramps, and nervous system regulation - Vitamin D
→ Supports the immune system and may influence inflammation - Iron
→ Important, especially with heavy menstrual bleeding - Curcumin (turmeric extract)
→ Anti-inflammatory properties - Zinc
→ Supports hormonal balance and immune function - B vitamins (especially B6)
→ May help with hormone regulation and fatigue - NAC (N-acetylcysteine)
→ Supports glutathione production, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, and may help reduce pain and endometriosis cyst size
What Else to Consider?
- Rest and recovery – your body needs more recovery than you might think
- Movement – light, regular exercise can help, but listen to your body
- Stress management – stress increases inflammation and worsens symptoms
- Medical care – diagnosis and treatment plan are essential
- Peer support – you are not alone
